Copyright 2004 Chattanooga Publishing Company  
Chattanooga Times Free Press (Tennessee)


August 24, 2004 Tuesday


Report gives inside look at county

By Beth Rucker; Staff Writer

SECTION: LOCAL NEWS; Pg. B2


The rates of divorce, teen pregnancy, HIV diagnosis and death due to heart disease are down in Hamilton County, while the percentage of low-birth weight babies and the issuance of food stamps in the area have jumped over a 13-year period, according to a new report.

The Community Research Council's annual Life in Hamilton County, Indicators of Community Well-Being report tracks 78 pieces of community data in areas such as economics, education, family, health and housing.

The council, a local organization, studies information about the Chattanooga area and turns it into reports for area agencies and community groups. The council receives funding from the United Way.

"(The report) lets people see what the issues are and where money can best be spent," said Ione Farrar, research director for the Community Research Council.

Research shows that the divorce rate in Hamilton County decreased 28.9 percent from 1990 to 2002, and the marriage rate increased 16.2 percent in that period.

"I hope that means we've educated people how to be better prepared for marriage," said Julie Baumgardner, executive director of First Things First. "We're more educated about divorce and that divorce does affect the community, and it does affect the economy."

Teen pregnancies are down 44.7 percent over the 13-year period, according to the report.

"This is good news. However, there's still work to do," Ms. Baumgardner said.

In the health area, the report shows that diagnoses of HIV infection have declined 61.2 percent, and AIDS diagnoses have dropped 50.3 percent since 1995.

Also, the proportion of Hamilton County's children fully immunized by age two jumped from 58 percent in 1990 to 87 percent in 2002.

"That means that children are better protected against diseases," said Donna Needham, program manager for communicable diseases for the Chattanooga-Hamilton County Health Department. "In the last few years, the (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) has put a lot of emphasis on health providers and parent to get children immunized."

Not all health news in the report was good, however. The percentage of babies born in Hamilton County with a low birth weight increased from 7.9 percent in 1990 to 12 percent in 2002. Hamilton County has a higher percentage of low-birth weight babies than Memphis, Nashville or Knoxville, according to the health department.

"It's really kind of shocking," said Barbara Laymon, health program manager for the health department. "We're looking at the need to improve the health of the mother."

Mrs. Laymon said low birth weight could be attributed to sexually transmitted diseases in the mother, alcohol and tobacco use, drug and methamphetamine use, the mother's poor diet and too little time between births. Children born with a low birth weight could face complications such as cerebral palsy, seizure disorders, learning disorders and even death, she said.

Another negative trend reported by the Community Research Council is the increase in Electronic Benefits Transfers, or food stamps. Average monthly EBTs in the county have more than doubled since fiscal year 1998-99, when it was at a nine-year low, the report found.

Positive economic indicators include a 64 percent jump in retail sales between 1990 and 2002, a 21.7 percent increase in per-capita income between 1990 and 2001 and a 60.5 percent increase in new housing since 1996.

Ms. Farrar said the total county population and the youth population are stagnant, while the over-65 population has increased significantly.

"Medicare enrollment will only go up," she said. "It's also interesting that new housing stock is going up and retail sales is going up, but we're not adding any people. That's got to come from somewhere."

E-mail Beth Rucker at brucker@timesfreepress.com

ON THE WEB

To read the full Life in Hamilton County, Indicators of Community Well-Being report, go to the Community Research Council's Web site at www.researchcouncil.net.